Ifrah Abid (F17A14G06040) creator text Faisalabad ( unpublished) 2019 monographic v,56 p. ; 30cm. Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy in Mathematics faculty of Basic Sciences and Humanities. Thesis supervisor: Dr.Muhammad javaid Include bibliographical references Thesis (M.Phil)--Riphah International Univeristy, 2019 English Mathematics Extremal bicyclic graphs with respect to leap zagreb indices Vertex detectors Vertex operator algebras Graph theory Graph algorithms FBSH 515 IFR